Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) is a secure version of the HTTP protocol used to transmit data over the internet. HTTPS is designed to protect the privacy and integrity of the data being transmitted, and is commonly used for sensitive information, such as login credentials and financial transactions.
When a client (such as a web browser) makes an HTTPS request to a server (such as a web server), the following call flow occurs:
The client initiates the HTTPS connection by sending a request to the server.
The server responds by sending a copy of its SSL/TLS certificate, which includes the server's public key.
The client verifies the certificate to ensure that it is valid and issued by a trusted authority.
The client generates a unique key, known as a "pre-master secret," and encrypts it using the server's public key.
The client sends the encrypted pre-master secret to the server.
The server decrypts the pre-master secret using its private key and generates a shared secret key.
The server sends a message to the client indicating that the key exchange is complete.
The client and server use the shared secret key to encrypt and decrypt data transmitted between them.
Throughout the HTTPS call flow, the data transmitted between the client and server is
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